Best Top Writing Services for MBA: August 2019

Saturday, August 31, 2019

Major Trends in 21st Century in ESL

Teaching students to be literate is a high educational priority throughout the world. Though this area is one of our greatest priorities, it is also one of our greatest challenges. The classroom environment has changed from many years ago. Teachers face the challenges of a large population who do not speak English and have high transient rates. For this large population, becoming proficient in a new language is a very difficult transition. This process can be frustrating and sometimes painful. Students learning a new language need as much language support as possible. Those who have taught students learning English as their second language know that any language support is helpful for their language acquisition. English language learner (ELL) students need a variety of language experiences. They need to hear language, write language, speak language and read language. Nowadays it is believe that computers and some other gadgets can play an integral part in providing ESL students with valuable language experiences as they learn a new language. Interactive whiteboards and iPad Interactive whiteboards are the most valuable digital resource in the classroom. hiteboards can be a vehicle to access online instructional and professional development resources and though tablet-style eReader devices such as AppleÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s iPad havenÃ¢â‚¬â„¢t been around for long, theyÃ¢â‚¬â„¢re already considered the second most useful mobile classroom technology behind laptops, according to some researches. Educators are incorporating more internet-dependent a technology in to their instruction, the reason of this is because digital media is a core learning support, nowadays itÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s a core part of a teacherÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s job. Smartphone. Another important technology used in classrooms is the Smartphone. Smartphone owners use them on the move to access information and entertainment such as music, audio books, reading, and for viewing photos and video clips. One-third of Facebook traffic is now via these devices used simultaneously for instant messaging, email and Twitter. The mobile phone application, or app, brings all the above to life in one self-contained mini-program. The growth in apps for communication, gaming and simple utility (finding the quickest route on public transport) is phenomenal. Apps are often seen as synonymous with the iPhone, which has been the leader in this area, but many commentators expect the Android operating system, which works on smartphones from other manufacturers, to overtake Apple. Apps have enormous potential for language learning because they allow for multisensory learning on the move: for learners to use chunks of time in a wait in line or on public transport. And because smartphones can store so much data or retrieve it via the internet, apps can serve as rich media dictionaries and reference tools. Technology used to improve: Verbal interaction Children need to be able to interact with each other so that learning through communication can occur. Computers can facilitate this type of environment. The computer can act as a tool to increase verbal exchange. An example in how useful can computers be for this interaction are computer books, these are interactive stories that appear on the computer screen as an actual book with text and illustrations. There are also a variety of interactive choices students can use to read the story, including: real voices that read aloud, music, and sound effects. The story is also highlighted so readers can follow along with the text. Verbal interaction and the use of a variety of language functions by English language learners can be facilitated by the use of the computer. The group's computer book reading environment fostered language development by providing an opportunity for verbal interaction. The use of the computer can be a useful supplement to the traditional curriculum of the ELL classroom by promoting verbal communication and the acquisition of English. Vocabulary development One way to use computers for English Language Learners is to teach vocabulary. Students need to learn vocabulary in context and with visual clues to help them understand. Computers can provide this rich, contextual environment. The computer also allows students to become active learners in a one-on-one environment. Computers can incorporate various learning strategies as well as accommodate a variety of learning styles. Reading There are several ways in which technology can be used to improve reading ability.. Most simple reading texts are also very primary in content. Older children may consider themselves too old to be reading such primary content books. Computers, however can increase the interest level for older students while keeping the text simple and easy to read. Another benefit of using computers for reading instruction is that the computer offers immediate feedback on performance. They also can provide added practice when necessary. Computer software and games provide many fun opportunities for students to practice literacy skills. There are numerous software packages for improving spelling, phonics skills, grammar and sight word vocabulary. When English Language Learners are learning their second language, any and all language experiences are valuable to assist in reading ability. Writing As demonstrated, computers and software can help English language learners develop vocabulary skills and knowledge. Computers can also help ELL students develop their writing skills. Writing paragraphs in a language that is still somewhat unfamiliar to students can be difficult. When using a computer, however, the use of graphics can make this much more enjoyable. Using clip art can also help students to convey their thoughts more clearly. To highlight, students have a lot of choices, such as underlining, italicizing, or changing the font size, color or type. Using a computer as a medium for studying grammar is much more motivating for a student as opposed to writing with a pencil. Computer-assisted instruction has been shown in a range of studies to facilitate learning in a variety of ways. Computers can be used to aide in teaching English Language Learners in core academic subjects, such as reading and writing. Computers can aide in vocabulary development as well as verbal language development. Ultimately, however, it is important to recognize that computers are not a substitute for effective teaching. Computers are a toolÃ¢â‚¬â€œthey are simply one type of supplement to the regular curriculum in teaching English Language Learners as they develop their English language skills.

Friday, August 30, 2019

Key Concepts of Creativity and Innovation Worksheet

Thursday, August 29, 2019

Saphenous Vein In Varicose Veins Health And Social Care Essay

Aim: To find the efficaciousness of complete GSV denudation in footings of morbidity, nerve hurt and return rates. Methods: 42 patients with unsophisticated one-sided and/or bilateral varicosities affecting the great saphenous system were included in this survey. Patients with primary and/or recurrent varicose venas associated with active or cured ulcers, patients with bleeding diathesis and those who failed to subscribe the proforma for regular followups were excluded from this survey. Complete denudation of great saphenous vena up to the mortise joint, together with multiple phlebectomies was performed in all patients. Postoperatively, limbs were examined for complications like bruising, hydrops, wound site infections and centripetal abnormalcies. All the patients were followed up for the period of one twelvemonth for return and betterment in centripetal abnormalcies. Consequences: All the patients belonged to CEAP category 2 or greater. The average age of patients in this series was 33 old ages ( run 20-48 old ages, SD + 8.24 ) . There were 31 ( 74 % ) were males and 11 ( 26 % ) were females. Majority of the patients presented with blunt hurting in legs. 9 ( 21.4 % ) patients presented with bilateral varicosities affecting the GSV, whereas 20 ( 47.6 ) and 13 ( 31 % ) patients presented with right and left sided disease severally. 7 patients presented with some centripetal abnormalcies at foremost follow up. These were impermanent and spontaneously subsided within 4-6 hebdomads. None of the patient came back with return within a average follow-up period of one twelvemonth. Decision: We conclude that since lasting complication rates do non significantly differ from those secondary to knee degree denudation of GSV and with a low return, and reoperation rates, abandoning complete denudation of the saphenous vena to the mortise joint is non the right determination presently. Cardinal Wordss: G S V, entire denudation, saphenous nervus hurt Introduction: Varicose venas are the most common of all the vascular upsets that affect worlds. Visible varicose venas affecting great saphenous system ( GSS ) affect 10-15 % of work forces and 20- 25 % of women1. The purpose of the intervention for this awful disease is to obtain an acceptable consequence in footings of cosmetics and to alleviate patient & A ; acirc ; Ã‹â€ Ã¢â€ž ¢s ailments. Different mode of interventions for varicose venas include compaction stockings, froth sclerotherapy and assorted intravenous extirpation techniques 2-4 ; nevertheless the most acceptable intervention for primary varicose venas remains flush ligation of sephano-femoral junction, partial/complete denudation of Great Saphenous vena ( GSV ) and multiple phlebectomies5. Though serious complications are rather uncommon, the process may do considerable early morbidity, including bruising, cutaneal nervus hurt, hematoma, hurting and uncomfortableness in the inguen and leg, and hazard of lesion infection6,7. Limited articulatio genus degree denudation has been widely accepted as the gilded criterion operation for varicosities affecting the GSS. This attack is associated with important decrease in hurt to saphenous nervus. However, the hazard is non wholly eliminated as reported in different series8, 9. Restricted denudation of GSV to the articulatio genus degree on the other manus is associated with a high return in the residuary segment10. This completely nullifies the advantage of articulatio genus degree denudation of GSV and doing complete denudation of the vena up to ankle degree an attractive option. This prospective survey was designed to find the efficaciousness of complete GSV denudation in footings of morbidity, nerve hurt and return rates. MATERIAL AND METHODS: From July 2006 to June 2009, this prospective survey was carried out at Liaquat university infirmary and different private medical centres of Hyderabad metropolis. In entire, 30 patients with unsophisticated one-sided and/or bilateral varicosities affecting the great saphenous system were included. Patients with primary and/or recurrent varicose venas associated with active or cured ulcers, patients with bleeding diathesis and those who failed to subscribe the proforma for regular followups were excluded from this survey. The diagnosing and degree of incompetency were confirmed by manus held Doppler ultrasound. Informed consent was taken and patients were given autonomy to go forth the survey at any point without saying any ground.Operative Technique:All patients were operated under spinal block. Injection Cephradine 1gm was given as prophylaxis. The scratch was placed 2cm above the median melleolus. The Great saphenous vena ( GSV ) was identified and separated carefully from the chi ef bole of Saphenous nervus. Once stray, the GSV was ligated, and olive-head stripper was introduced through a rent in the distal portion and negotiated to the proximal portion. The distal leftover was cut and so ligated utilizing vicryl plus 2.0. Another 3-5cm scratch was made at the sapheno-femoral junction, 2 centimeter below and sidelong to the pubic tubercle. Feeders of GSV were identified and ligated. A little scratch was so placed at the tip of the stripper ; the vena was ligated utilizing vicryli? Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ 1 and was so stripped from below-upwards. Multiple phlebectomies were done for big bunchs of venas as the state of affairs warranted. Wounds were closed utilizing vicryli? Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ 000 for tegument and chromic 00 for hypodermic tissue. The limb was covered with elastic patch, applied in caudo-cranial way. Patients were encouraged for light walk on the first operative twenty-four hours and were discharged from infirmary on 2nd post-operative twenty-four hours in instance of u neventful recovery. The follow-up agenda was designed at 1st, 4th, 8th and 12th hebdomads of surgery. During each visit, limbs were examined for complications like bruising, hydrops, wound site infections and centripetal abnormalcies within the distribution of saphenous nervus utilizing cotton-stick. The abnormalcies were characterized as paresthesia and dysthaesia. All the patients were followed up for the period of one twelvemonth for return and betterment in centripetal abnormalcies. Consequence: All the patients belonged to CEAP category 2 or greater depending upon the badness of the disease. This is depicted in item in table I. Table I: Clinical Phase of the DiseaseCEAP ClassificationNo of Limbs ( n= 51 )PercentageClass 2 30 58.8 Class 3 14 27.5 Class 4 7 13.7 The average age of patients in this series was 33 old ages ( run 20-48 old ages, SD + 8.24 ) . Amongst 42 patients in entire, 31 ( 74 % ) were males whereas 11 ( 26 % ) were females. Majority of the patients presented with blunt hurting in legs, followed by dark spasms, weightiness on drawn-out standing. With comparative frequences, remainders of the symptoms are elaborated in table II. Table II: Symptom Profile of the PatientsSymptomsNo Of Patients ( n= 42 )PercentagePain 14 33.33 Night Cramps 09 21.4 Heaviness on Prolonged Standing 11 26.2 Rubing 06 14. 3 Skin Changes 01 2.4 Cosmetic Concerns 01 2.4 In this series, 9 ( 21.4 % ) patients presented with bilateral varicosities affecting the GSV, whereas 20 ( 47.6 ) and 13 ( 31 % ) patients presented with right and left sided disease severally. In entire, 19 limbs out of 51, showed bruising in station operative period, whereas 7 and 4 developed lesion infection and hydrops ( fig I ) . In this series, 7 patients presented with some centripetal abnormalcies at foremost follow up. Figure I elaborate these abnormalcies in item. They were impermanent and spontaneously subsided within 4-6 hebdomads. None of the patient came back with return within a average follow-up period of one twelvemonth. Figure I: Post-Operative Complications Discussion: Nerve hurt is a recognized morbidity after varicose vena surgery. The most normally affected nervus is the saphenous nervus, which is at hazard of hurt during denudation of the GSV, peculiarly when the vena is stripped to the ankle11. Complete denudation, nevertheless, is associated with a low return rate compared to knee degree denudation of the vein12, 13. The argument between complete denudation of the great saphenous vena ( GSV ) up to ankle versus partial depriving up to knee degree continues. The reported incidence of nerve hurt following GSV depriving varies between 23-58 % 9, 15, 16. This was a clinical survey with simple methodological analysis and consistent consequences. In this series, the centripetal abnormalcies were noted in 20 % patients. This is comparable with other surveies describing more or less the same incidence8, 10. Lofgren et al14 showed that GSV depriving from the inguen to the ankle brought good-to-excellent consequences in comparing to high ligation of the GSV entirely vis- & A ; Atilde ; -vis centripetal morbidity, with a success rate of 94 % and 40 % , severally. Dwerryhouse et al17 reported duplex-confirmed reflux in one one-fourth of limbs that underwent restricted denudation of the GSV, at the 5-year followup, connoting that this pathology might finally show itself as recurrent varicose venas. These findings besides suggest that Orthodox method of depriving the vena up to the articulatio genus may forestall the harm to sephanous nervus but at the cost of a high return rate. GSV depriving at mortise joint is besides being shown to better quality of life in early post-operative period7. We have observed that depriving in upward way, utilizing little olive can go through towards the inguens easy with less nerve harm. Cosmetic consequences were besides satisfactory. None of our patient came up with return during the mean follow up period of one twelvemonth. The restrictions of survey were comparatively little size and its descriptive methodological analysis. For the reflux in the full GSV ( inadequacy in the whole GSV ) , the intervention of pick is complete denudation of the GSV to the mortise joint with high ligation and phelebectomies because of low complication and return rates. Nerve hurt may happen after both complete and partial denudation and symptoms of nerve hurt are transeunt and mild. We conclude that since lasting complication rates do non significantly differ from those of other intervention methods evaluated along with high success, low return, and low reoperation rates, abandoning complete denudation of the saphenous vena to the mortise joint is non the right determination presently.

Wednesday, August 28, 2019

Valentine's Catholic Mass ritual Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Valentine's Catholic Mass ritual - Essay Example Hence, emphasizing the intention of ritual in every denomination or religion meant to pass on message not only to that religionÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s adherents but also other people who may intend to have that experience. This is because universal love practically has no bounds especially if expressed from humanityÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s point of view. Another connection encompasses asserting the essence of ritual in all religions or denominations leave alone that dayÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s attached essence. This implies that day in the calendar of a certain religion serves the purpose of togetherness as people observe it dutifully with the intention of enhancing its theme as well as bring people of same like mindedness and spirituality together. The connection between my observations and classÃ¢â‚¬â„¢ materials encompasses an already set formula instituted in such a way to ensure it not only occurs at that day but continues even in the time to come. Hence, continuance of a tradition mostly associated with religions evident in the way people usually observe it each year. The essence of this role based on church encompasses arousing love in marriages and troubled relationships. Hence, ensure continuance of love especially in the institution of marriage which according to any religion is a sacred union. Based on my opinion, the day serves as remembrance of those troubled lovers to draw attention to people in any form of relationship, for instance, in a family setting. In terms religionÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s doctrine and its connection with people, this particular day serves as a time meant to invoke celestial intervention for lovers through the aid of St. Valentine. This comprises one part of religionÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s doctrinal practices whose core role is to draw people together to enjoy having that feeling of connection as well as experiencing celestial communion though on earth. Celestial experience, which in most cases involves spirituality, encompasses invoking the concerned saint to

Tuesday, August 27, 2019

Learning from our success and our failure Essay

Learning from our success and our failure - Essay Example He thinks that he won because nobody else deserved it, which is often not the case because the most hard working do not necessarily make it to the top. This attitude defines such an individual as a selfish, proud, and morally degraded person. On the contrary, letÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s suppose an individual who becomes more thankful to God upon becoming successful in achieving his goal. His success makes him more down-to-earth and modest. Instead of thinking of himself as a superior being, he guides others so that they can also achieve their goals. Success of such an individual defines him as a thankful, caring, and modest person. Now letÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s consider the cases of failures. LetÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s suppose an individual who fails to achieve his goal. He becomes so dishearted that he gives up and never tries again. Such attitude would define this individual as an impatient person who is also not very hard working. On the contrary, letÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s consider an individual who fails to achieve his goal but does not give up until he finally achieves it. This person would be defined as a determined, focused, and hard working person. PeopleÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s tendency to learn from their successes and failures varies from one person to another. Some people learn from their successes and failures whereas others never learn any lesson. However, the tendency of an individual to learn from his/her failures is more compared to his/her tendency to learn from his/her successes. This is because of the fact that when an individual fails, he/she tries to identify the factors that caused him/her to fail if he/she is wise. Identification of these factors makes this individual learn a lesson. On the other hand, successes are just celebrated and many people become so overwhelmed with the joy of success that they do not care to learn a lesson from it. However, there are always some wise people who reflect upon their experiences to identify the strategies and

Short essay question Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Short question - Essay Example The underworld is believed to be the dwelling place of the earth-goddess. It is this earthly goddess that will add feministic principles and instincts to this masculine ego of the mythical hero. The hero is equally portrayed has having redemptive powers. These are the powers that he or she receives from the gods. The hero has the power to uplift the entire human race from the dismal conditions that it lives in. this is clearly a potential that can only be performed by the gods. Mortal women equally play a role in the hero myths. The heroes are often considered to be an isolated case due to their uniqueness. This isolation makes the hero to develop a close relationship with mortal women. The purpose of this relationship is to offer the hero support in domestic contentment. The myths argue that if the hero were to undertake domestic contentment, then he would be greatly swayed from his purposeful tasks. The civilization of the ancient Greek has been considered as the most brilliant in the history of the world. Most of the credit has been given to the Greece mythical heroes. The heroes often travelled afar and set up cities in the places that they went to. It is for example indicated that the western civilization was as a result of the spread of the Greek culture by the heroes. It is the divine power that the Greek heroes had that made them to easily spread the Greek culture as well as be a caviling force without resistance from people. Adrienne Mayor states that stories about the bones of the heroes were often told in many ancient cultures like China, Greece and India. He underscores that these stories were often said so as to accounts for animal fossils that the people had never seen while in their life state (Mayor, 2004). He equally indicates that the ancient Greeks believed that the bones of the heroes are the remains of giants and monsters that had been destroyed by the gods and buried deeply in the ground. The bones of the heroes had a lot of

Monday, August 26, 2019

Module 2 and Journal Article Review 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Module 2 and Journal Article Review 2 - Essay Example A common approach of a countryÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s expanding population is the control of birth rates. The solution might be ideal for a certain amount of time but as the present young adults age in the future, a problem to sustain the needs and services for the elderly is projected. IndiaÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s elderly population is expected to rise up to 137 million by 2021 (Ã¢â‚¬Å"Aging in India,Ã¢â‚¬ n.d.). With a considerable chunk of this statistics to be under poverty line, the government has to hurdle a problem of the Ã¢â‚¬ËœproperÃ¢â‚¬â„¢ distribution of support services since social security is only available for those elders who cannot support themselves. Since this is the legislation, another root of the problem which would have been solved in the past decades would be the lack of education. About 73% of the elders in India are illiterate and Ã¢â‚¬Å"dependent on hard laborÃ¢â‚¬ (Ã¢â‚¬Å"Aging in India,Ã¢â‚¬ n.d.). Basing on this record, it is logical to hypothesize that these elders are also living below poverty line making them eligible for government support. If they were able to get proper education in their early years, better employment opportunities should have been available for them, and a better chance for the government to decrease expenses. An existing problem of poverty is already a burden for the Indian government; adding their obligation for the elderly, the country is thought to be in a hopeless case. Their action for extensive taxation for the higher income families and providing social security only for those who need it the most are subject to questions on equality. On the other hand, there is not much choice left since imbalance in expenses and income suffers the country. A booming population with the majority counted as elders have adverse effects on the nationÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s economy, while it is also practical for individual families to apply family planning. This public dilemma cripples the social and economic structure of developing countries, particul arly India. To expect that a single amendment on government policies will heal the situation overnight is unrealistic. Since establishing a quality and skillfully educated human resource can be a possible solution, to focus on increasing literacy and higher education attainment could offer a gradual, yet a healthy effect on IndiaÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s current economic status. Journal Review 2 Aging in India: A socioeconomic and health implications---analysis IndiaÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s twin problem leads to a common issue about the expanding population of the elderly. In H.B Chanana and P.P. TalwarÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s article, it is understood that Indian demographics concerns about the economic and social implications of the subsequent rise of the aging population. A current situation of the nationÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s financial struggle heightens the growing need of this sector of the population in terms of medical and social support. Basing on the major problems of the Indian elderly such as poverty, illiteracy and neglect, the governmentÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s problem is not concentrated solely on the equal financial distribution but with support, in all its aspects. Summary Chanana and TalwarÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s (1987) article entitled Ã¢â‚¬Å"Aging in India: Its socio-economic health implicationsÃ¢â‚¬ reveals an imbalance state of the population in India. There was once a proportion of population by age groups with the Ã¢â‚¬Å"

Sunday, August 25, 2019

Childhood memories Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Childhood memories - Essay Example The question often arose in my mind: who was holding them in the sky? At times, I used to get a simple answer that God was holding them so that we kids could watch and play with them. When I grew up I moved to a coastal city with my parents. Many small hills were lurking behind on north sides of the town. Fortunately, I got a company of Sarah, who lived in the city since her childhood, and she was well acquainted with the geography of the town. Once she took me to a nearby hill in the early morning hours to show me some rare birds. She told me that she visited this place after her school hours when she was in the 9th form. The hills were full of dense trees all around. The most fascinating thing was that variety of birds had their nests in these trees and the place was full of melodious sounds. She drew my attention to a bird called Yellow-billed Cuckoo. The bird had a typical hollow sound quite soothing to the ears. Sarah took me to a place at least 100 meters up in the hill, where I saw birds that she identified as bluebirds. Bluebirds had white stomachs, rust-colored breasts and bright blue feathers, and they were chirping all in unison. Sarah told me that their numbers were dwindling quickly due to ill doings of humans. At once, a thought came to my mind that with such beautiful species becoming extinct, humans will not be able to enjoy the beauty of nature. When I focused through my binoculars on the nest, I was amazed to see two little bluebird nestlings making noise Ã¢â‚¬â€œ perhaps asking for the food from their mother. Mother Bluebird was feeding them with a great effort through her beak. It was indeed a greatest mystery Ã¢â‚¬â€œ a mystery of creation in this universe, and I bowed down to Mother Nature with a feeling of awe. I have always been a moderate swimmer Ã¢â‚¬â€œ moderate in the sense of not possessing any extra skills that are expected from a good swimmer. Perhaps, that is why I had a close encounter with death when I was at Fort Lauderdale Be ach on my vacation tour. Swimming in my customary style, I had gone a little far off. My friends were swimming at some distance. I was jolly making some movements in the water Ã¢â‚¬â€œ perhaps attempting to do some water exercises to remain afloat effortlessly without realizing that my unique exercises would put me in great trouble soon. At some bad moment, my feet were stuck in some marshland. The more I tried to come out, the more immobile I became. I tried to scream but could not as my mouth was filled with water. I was losing my breath and power. I soon realized I was going to drown. But, as luck would have it, for a moment my head came out of water and I screamed loudly. Hearing my call, someone from nearby rushed quickly; he held my hand and pulled me out with full force. In the next moment, I was out of the marshland. The whole episode lasted only for a minute or so but the incident gave me an unforgettable near-death experience that will remain with me until the end of my li fe. Its memories still hound me. The most significant part of the episode was that I realized a true meaning of life Ã¢â‚¬â€œ the life that encompasses a myriad of species on this planet. SarahÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s cousin, Sierra, was a most passionate dancer. When I saw her in one of her performances, I was amazed at the way she effortlessly performed a Swirling Sufi dance. I found her totally engrossed in the Dervish dance. Sierra told me about Nijinsky, an outstanding and the most cherished Russian dancer. When Nijinsky used to perform, one would feel as if he was out of bounds of gravitation. He would make a leap and fall as if a leaf was coming down slowly and slowly. Sierra would say, Ã¢â‚¬Å"Watching a dance is a good thing but performing it is a much deeper experienceÃ¢â‚¬

Saturday, August 24, 2019

Change & Continuity in Contemporary Business Essay

Change & Continuity in Contemporary Business - Essay Example It also enthused the workforce with renewed vision of the company and provided clarity to them with regard to their roles in the makeover of the organization. Yet, the transformation could be called only a part success since this transformation has not solved the companyÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s major problem of ageing median age of its customers. The company would be again forced to brainstorm in order to tackle this situation. In the hurry to tackle immediate crisis, it has not made any provision for future market changes. It is yet to act as per the perceived changes in the coming years. Eventually, the report recommends that Harley Davidson should seek its future in newer market segments with new products. Among its employees, it should train and guide a chosen set of people to catch the signs of advancing change in the market scenario and take steps to prepare accordingly. It also recommends the organization to diversify in other automobile segments such as cars and commercial vehicles. As evident from the time bar above, Harley Davidson saw lots of ups and downs before it entered the transformation phase. Harley Davidson, in its early days was the only motorcycle manufacturer in America and ruled the motorcycle market. However, it was caught unawares when foreign entrants flooded the market with innovative, quality and affordable products. The Japanese players catered to newer market segments untapped by Harley. The change in management of the company and the new managementÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s haste to catch up with the competitors added to the woes of the company which was already suffering from declined market share. The company slumped to its lowest in terms of market share i.e. 23%. It was at this point that few of its managers decided to take over the company. They tried to understand the strengths of the competitors and the weaknesses of their own organization and brought about a fresh insight into work. Under the able leadership

Friday, August 23, 2019

Biometrics and Wireless Technologies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Biometrics and Wireless Technologies - Essay Example Dominant security-enhancement technologies leave a lot to be desired. In addition to security risks, has been estimated that between half to a third of calls to IT help desks are password related, and that managing multiple passwords and password resetting costs can range between $200 (Forrester Research estimate) to $340 (Gartner estimate) per employee per year (www.Forrester.com (2005); www.Gartner.com (2005)). Biometrics can offer significant security enhancements as well as other value-added applications. Potential applications of biometric technologies range from controlling physical access to facilities (used by Disneyworld to provide access to season pass holders), enabling voice recognition at call-centers (used by the Home Shopping Network and Charles Schwab to enable hassle-free client authentication), controlling time and attendance of employees (used by McDonalds), providing self-service access to safe deposit vaults at banks (used by the Bank of Hawaii and First Tennessee Bank), or cashing checks in supermarkets (used by Kroger, Food 4 Less and BI-LO). Security concerns and higher levels of fraud, such as the rising incidence of identity theft, combined with advancements in biometric technologies and reducing costs of the technologies involved, have provided an impetus for greater diffusion and highlighted biometrics' immense potential. In 2003, while industry revenues were US$719 million, the estimate for 2004 is US$1.2 billion. This is expected to rise to US$4.6 billion in 2008. Currently the lion's share of biometric technologies is accounted for by fingerprint biometrics at 48 percent, followed by face recognition at 12 percent and hand geometry at 11 percent. Iris recognition, by far the most secure method, has just 9 percent market share, since it costs a lot more to implement and there is a lower level of customer acceptance (International Biometrics Group, 2005). However, the overwhelming majority of current biometrics applications are focused on simply improving security rather than being led by a clear mandate of providing quantum leaps to customer service while simultaneously raising efficiency as well as security. We believe that the winners of tomorrow will be firms that manage to harness the power of biometrics to achieve this essential combination (Wirtz and Heracleous, 2005). Following several industry interview results and other industry participant interactions, the researchers arrived at the conclusion that many, but not all, biometric industry vendors appear to be depending on sales based on "supply push" rather than "demand pull" marketing strategies. That is to say, the biometrics vendors appeared to be captivated with the technology underlying the biometric devices more so than concentrating on current biometric devices as part of a solution to a business problem for prospective customers. However, on the contrary, it was appar ent from our conversations with customers and potential customers that they were inclined to be less interested in devices, and more focused on buying solutions to problems. For instance, three prospective customers pointed out that they were "waiting it out" in order to see which technology or vendor would come

Thursday, August 22, 2019

Crime in Our Society Essay Example for Free

Crime in Our Society Essay This is a painful fact we dont want to face. There is no effective form to change character. All those qualities in life that makes us what we are also help us become criminals. Heredity and environment, interaction of the individual in society, the totality of human nature and experience. Crime reflects more than just the pitiful few that commit it, it reflects the character of society. How did these people capable of stealing a car, or mugging a cripple become that way? All that they are and all that they have experienced is what drove them to commit a crime. Crime is not just sordid happenings, it is human nature. People commit crime. Some think that man is essentially good, and that given the chance, he will develop as a benign being. Others conceive man to be essentially evil and believe that he must be controlled for his own protection and the existence of an ordered society. Crime is a Ã¢â‚¬Å"Carry OnÃ¢â‚¬ type industry. It never stops and always keeps growing on. The society has its own rule. Our society says that Ã¢â‚¬Å"One is innocent until he or she is proven guiltyÃ¢â‚¬ and it never gives unusual and cruel punishment. Actually the terrific truth is that society itself creates the criminals and laws are there for them to live free. Crime does not require any kind of education or work experience and there is not that much risk, so the person who has nothing to lose can easily choose crime as his or her career. http://static.ddmcdn.com/gif/german-machine-gun.jpg http://cdn.theatlantic.com/static/mt/assets/science/gun1.jpg Gun ownership as American Gun Culture describes looks at the masculinity side of why men own guns. Also explains that family legacy of gun ownership is often a factor in determining whether one will become a gun owner. Many of young people got their first guns as gifts from parents. In the US guns are very easily and non-complicating purchase. It is legal to buy and to own a gun or any other life threatening machine. When the parent had taken more care to teach and exemplify proper gun-handling skills and other firearms knowledge, there is a much greater chance that the recipient of this legacy will embrace (rather than reject) it. Gun collecting has many aspects, but most focus on the historic, technical or artistic merits of the arms which make them appealing to collectors. Some collectors cherish a rusty bayonet, or musket ball recovered from an old battlefield. Ammunition collectors delve into the minute details and has all kinds rituals and cleaning time is greatly involves. Some collectors seek to fill a collection with arms of a single maker, others of a single historic period, some concentrate on a specific caliber, or country of origin. Many just want to own guns that they like for various reasons. Many arms collectors enjoy shooting their guns, and many people interested in living history become arms collectors as an outgrowth of that hobby. While not purely collectors, they are potential future collectors, and their experiences can provide valuable information to collectors. Hunting as indicated is a fine reason to own a gun, or several guns. According to the FBIs national crime statistics, 1.2 million violent crimes were committed in the United States in 2010. About the same as were committed in the US in 2009. These violent crimes include such crimes as murder, rape, robbery, and aggravated assault. All saw declines nationally between 2009 and 2010. The largest decrease was in the number of reported robberies, dropping by 9.7% during this year. US crime statistics also report that property crimes saw a drop between 2009 and 2010, dropping from 9.08 million to 8.9 million in 2010. Property crimes include larceny, burglary and motor vehicle thefts. The rate of larcenies decreased the most, dropping by 6.98% since 2009. http://www.delrayrecoverycenter.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/03/Amphetamine-300268.jpg http://www.drug-addiction-support.org/images/cocaineSmall.jpg Many people wonder about the social effects of drug abuse. Drug abuse develops the social life of the addict, tearing apart his family, friendships and professional relationships, work which links with his or her occupation and mainly the behavior of the person. Without intervention, the drug addict can wind up alone, with the drug being his only friend. People who are addicted very often turn to crime as a means of paying for their addiction. This can involve stealing or fraud to obtain the funds necessary to bankroll their addiction. This can start with stealing from oneÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s partner, family or friends but can spread to include their employer or several organizations. Another aspect is that of the cost of maintaining a police force that have to deal with the after- effects of addiction. One such example and one that we hear a great deal about in the media is that of Ã¢â‚¬Ëœbinge drinking. People who have developed an addiction to alcohol very often engage in drunken, anti-social behavior, usually in town and city centers up and down the country. The police have the job of dealing with fights or semi-conscious people lying in the street which is due to the effects of excessive alcohol consumption. The majority of crime committed is http://static.guim.co.uk/sys-images/Guardian/Pix/pictures/2012/9/14/1347635831075/Prescribed-drugs-008.jpg Usually drug-related. Burglary, robberies are all ways of funding an addiction and the more serious the addiction the greater the chance of these being accompanied by violence. There are people who are so desperate to have a Ã¢â‚¬ËœfixÃ¢â‚¬â„¢ or are completely controlled by their addiction that will do anything to service this. If this means using violence then they will do so. In this case their needs have overtaken any thoughts of rational or civilized behavior. They are not thinking of anyone else but themselves as they are consumed by their addiction. The changes that I think are important to focus on, and the solutions for them to tackle from bottom up are not as simple as it could be imagined. Well, I think that fixing the economy to assure as many people as possible are employed and you have much of the problem of crime resolved. Also finding a way to eliminate drugs from society would help attain the social crime issue. Think about all the crimes that can be associated with addiction: Drug trafficking. Drug dealing. Drug use, Robbery, Assault, Battery,Burglary,Rape. Domestic violence, Illegal weapons possession, Illegal weapons sales. The list goes on and on. This topic is not one of the easiest to tackle but if we eliminated one of the main reasons the crime appears in our society, it would definitely become a much safer place for us citizens to live in. http://calgarycommunities.com/content/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/a5.jpg

Wednesday, August 21, 2019

Health safety and security for health and social care Essay Example for Free

Health safety and security for health and social care Essay Potential Hazards and the Harm that may arise from each in a Health and Social Care Setting In this unit 3 assignment, I will be explaining the potential hazards and the harm that may arise from each (physical environment, equipment, infections, working conditions, working practices and security conditions) in a health and social care environment. These settings can include day centers, hospitals, health centers, schools, residential and nursing homes, private homes, and nurseries. First I will define each of them and then explain 6 hazards that may harm an individual. A hazard is something that is dangerous which can cause harm to you or any other individual and cause pain, especially if nothing is done to reduce the risk. Physical Environment Physical environment incorporates anything around ranging from different objects, people, pets, the temperature, buildings and also the air. This can have a great impact on the health of individuals and staff. If a room is not well ventilated with any windows so that there is fresh air flowing around, then the bacteria from different people with influenzas and cold can spread around the room and those germs when they sneeze or a cough can make it contagious for other people to catch very easily. Temperature is how hot or an object, subject or person is measured in degrees. Temperature can cause various complications to persons with disabilities, babies and older people because they find it difficult to sustain their body temperature, as it is very important to keep yourself wrapped up very warm to reduce the cold breeze from off of their body. It can cause bronchitis and other respiratory problems. Fumes and smoke that may be contaminated the air in the room because of fires (house fires, factory or building) or leakage (gas, petrol) can cause persons to inhale it and eventually die. Persons with very light skin who go to the beach or just going on picnics with residents or the residents themselves from within a care home may be exposing themselves to too much sun and not protecting their skin with sunblock or even a hat can which can cause skin cancer. Water that has been spilled and left on the ground can be a hazard to anyone in a care home as they may not see the water on the floor to avoid it and can slip and end up injuring themselves by damaging their spine or even fracturing their limbs. Blocked fire exists can be a hazard as it should be clear at all times in case of an emergency so that you are able to leave the building quickly. If the exits are blocked and persons try to run to that exist then they can run into the thing or even push down someone causing that indivi dual to be trampled on and fracture their ribs or have a head injury. Equipment You may find different equipment in a care home which can include overloaded sockets, wheelchairs, chairs, hot surface of a cup, broken piece of furniture, walking stick. These are equipment which is used daily in care homes. In a care, there may be certain things which you may need to plug in but overloading the sockets is not an option as the amount of energy that would be generating from the electricity can cause it to spark and go up in flames. Persons near these plugs may end up being burnt on any part of their body which may cause them to lose some of their skin or even death. Tripping over the cords if it is not properly protected by being covered over causing to cut their lips or fractures to some parts of their body or by even hitting their head onto something causing them to become unconscious and have brain damage. If persons use their wet hands to either plug in or out any plugs it can be very dangerous as they can be electrocuted these hazards may cause people to be trap ped in the building because the elderly are not able to move as quickly as they would like to. An elderly can be at risk of falling out of the wheelchair when being pushed if they are not safely secured to the chair. This may cause individuals to bruise or fracture themselves as elderly people are very fragile. If left in the way the wheelchair can cause someone to hit their feet into it causing bruising and swelling to the toes. Chairs can also be another set of hazards that can harm someone when left in the way as it can also injure their feet if they hit into it. This can cause bleeding, swelling, bruising and obviously pain to the individualÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s feet. Broken equipment such as a chair that needs to be thrown out because it is weak if the chair is left in everyoneÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s way and one of the elderly sits in it the chair will give way causing the individual to land on the floor and have back injury or even shift their pelvis out of alignment. Sometimes these scales can be very serious and life-threatening as they will need to seek medical attention. When giving the elder ly anything that may be hot you have to be careful as it may burn their hands and they may end up dropping the tea or cup over their legs or hands causing it to scald them. This can cause blisters and charred, black or red skin. Sometimes in a care, an elderly person may be sitting down but does not put the walking stick out of anyoneÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s way. A carer or another elderly person may be passing and does not see the stick will end up tripping over the walking stick and hurt the elderly personÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s feet causing pain and swelling to that individual and to the person that fell they may have bruising.

Tuesday, August 20, 2019

The Process of Fermentation

The Process of Fermentation Background research Fermentation is a process carried out by many microorganisms and which produces a variety of useful compounds and this reaction is very important in industry for baking and brewing. In fermentation, carbon dioxide gas bubbles out of the solution into the air leaving a mixture of ethanol and water. Ethanol can be separated from the mixture by fractional distillation. Fermentation must be carried out in the absence of air to make alcohol. If air is present, ethanoic acid is made instead of alcohol. This reaction is very important in industry for baking and brewing. Yeast, is most commonly used in baking to break glucose, or other sugars to produce different products. In baking and brewing different type of yeast is used. An enzyme called invertase will convert a sugar called sucrose into smaller sugar molecules called glucose and fructose. Glucose is fermented by the yeast to ethanol and carbon dioxide. The released carbon dioxide causes dough to rise and to hold it high. The produced alcohol contributes to the breads flavour. The optimal temperature for yeast to ferment sugar is 32Ã‚ °C. In warmer temperature (45 Ã‚ °C) the yeast cells will die. Also fructose and sucrose care used by the yeast as fermentation substrates. Sucrose is directly transformed by an enzyme called invertase, into glucose and fructose. Sucrose is a good substrate for fermentation. When sucrose or glucose is added to the dough, they are faster fermented than maltose. Sugars are small molecules which belong to the class of carbohydrates. As the name implies, a carbohydrate is a molecule whose molecular formula can be expressed in terms of just carbon and water. For example, glucose has the formula C6(H2O)6 and sucrose has the formula C6(H2O)11. More complex carbohydrates such as starch and cellulose are polymers of glucose. The difference between a monosaccharide and a disaccharide can be seen in the following example: How do enzymes work? Enzymes speeds up the biochemical reactions and they work best at an optimum temperature, however if the temperature has increased it will provide more kinetic energy to the molecules involved. Therefore the number of collisions between enzyme and substrate will increase as well as the rate of reaction. If temperature rises above the optimum the enzymes will be denatured. The bonds which are holding the structure together will break and the active sites lose their shape and will no longer react. Reference http://www.chemie.uni-regensburg.de/Organische_Chemie/Didaktik/Keusch/D-fermentation_sugar-e.htm http://www.lycos.com/info/fermentationsugars.html?page=2 Investigating the affects of sugar on the rate of fermentation The aim To investigate on how different types of sugars can affect the rate of fermentation. There are two different types of sugars that I am going to which are monosaccharide and disaccharide sugars. Introduction Respiration is the release of energy from glucose or another organic chemical. The chemical energy in glucose can be used to provide the energy required for growth, repair and movement. This is a controlled process that occurs in small steps and each step requires respiratory enzymes. These enzymes allow the process to take place at body temperature 37CÃ‚ °.m Aerobic Respiration is the normal form of respiration. It requires oxygen and releases the most energy from glucose. This form of respiration occurs within the mitochondria. Glucose + Oxygen = Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy C6H12O6 + O2 = CO2+H2O + Energy However, it is possible for respiration to take place without oxygen in a process known as anaerobic respiration. It also releases energy from glucose but not as much. When yeast respires anaerobically it produces carbon dioxide and alcohol. When we respire we produce lactic acid. Too much lactic acid causes fatigue to our muscles. Yeast produces ethanol (alcohol) when it respires anaerobically and ultimately the ethanol will kill the yeast. We can respire in both ways too. Normally we use oxygen, but when we are exercising, we may not get enough oxygen into our blood, so our muscles start to respire anaerobically. Word equation for anaerobic respiration: Glucose lactic acid + Energy C6H12O6 2C3H6O3 + Energy Sugars can be categorized as either simple or complex depending on their chemical structure, in other words the number of saccharides (glucids) they are composed of such as: Monosaccharide Are the most basic unit of carbohydrates and they are the simplest form of sugar. Examples of monosaccharide include glucose, fructose , and galactose. Monosaccharides are the building blocks of disaccharides such as sucrose and polysaccharides (such as cellulose and starch). Disaccharide Two monosaccharide joined together by a glycosidic linkage is called a double sugar or disaccharide. The most common disaccharide is sucrose. It is composed of glucose and fructose. Sucrose is commonly used by plants to transport sugar from one part of the plant to another. Polysaccharide Polysaccharides are polymericcarbohydrate structures, formed of repeating units joined together by glycosidic bonds. These structures are often linear, but may contain various degrees of branching. When all the monosaccharide in a polysaccharide is the same type the polysaccharide is called a homo polysaccharide, but when more than one type of monosaccharide is present they are called hetero polysaccharides. http://www.polypeptide-polysaccharide.com/ Hypothesis I hypothesise that glucose sugar which is a monosaccharide will have a greater rate of fermentation than sucrose which a disaccharide sugar. Justification There are different types of sugars that have different effects on the replication of yeast, which would have an effect on the rate of fermentation. Therefore, I am going to investigate the main two sugars (Monosaccharide and disaccharides) to check which type of sugar will have a greater rate of fermentation. Monosaccharides are simple sugars made of 1 molecule of sugar whereas disaccharides are complex sugars made of two molecule of sugar. So, my hypothesis would be that glucose will increase the rate of fermentation than sucrose because glucose is a monosaccharide sugar and therefore has one unit of sugar. This will enable the enzymes in the yeast to break down the bonds of the simple sugar very easily with less energy, and short period of time. Whereas sucrose has two unit of sugars and therefore has twice as much bonds as glucose sugar which will slow down the enzymes action in breaking down the bonds, as it requires more energy with longer period of time to break down the bonds. So, in order to check whether my hypothesis is right or wrong, I will need to perform the experiment by testing the main two sugars glucose (Monosaccharide) and sucrose (disaccharides). Experimental method In the experimental method I have decided to use the technique of titration. A titration is a technique where a solution of known concentration is used to determine the concentration of an unknown solution. So in this experiment, I am going to use the titration technique to find out which type of sugar will produce a greater rate of fermentation. Typically, the titrant is added from a burette to a known quantity of the analyte (the unknown solution) until the reaction is complete. Knowing the volume of titrant added allows the determination of the concentration of the unknown. Often, an indicator is used to usually signal the end of the reaction, the endpoint. http://www.science.uwaterloo.ca/~cchieh/cact/c123/titratn.html Here are some important apparatus that are important to carry out the titration method: * Burette: The burettes are mainly used for titrations to deliver one reactant until the precise end point of the reaction is reached. Burette used to measure the volume of a solution accurately which can be read to an accuracy of half a division that is to 0.05 cm3. Ã‚ · Conical flask, beaker: The conical flasks, beakers are used for mixing, reactant and transporting but not for accurate measurements. The volume stamped on the sides of the conical flask and beaker is approximate and accurate to within 5%. * Pipette: Pipettes are used to measure small amounts of solution very accurately and it has a bulb to draw the solution into the pipette. It transfers 25 cm3 (usually to Ã‚ ±0.05 cm3) of a solution into a conical flask. * Funnel: is a pipe with a wide, often conical mouth and a narrow stem (this will be needed to make sure the transferring of the sodium hydroxide into the burette in smooth and safe as possible). * 0.1M of sodium hydroxide: will be used as the solution in the burette which will indicate the amount of alkali that is needed to neutralize the acid in the fermented solution. * Phenolphthalein indicating solution: this indicator solution will help us see when the solution in the conical flask changes, it is very important that we use the same amount of drops on both solutions this will help us get an accurate colour change result. Apparatus: * 2 g dried brewers yeast. * 200cm 0.2 M fructose. * 200cm 0.2 M lactose. * 2 x 0.5 g ammonium phosphate. * 2 x 0.5 g ammonium sulphate. * 3 x 250cm wide necked conical flask. * 2 x silicone rubber bung with two holes. * 3 x glass fermentation lock. * 3 x 15cm bent glass pipette with 3cm rubber tubing. * 3 x restriction clip (Hoffman clip). * 3 x glass rod. * 50cm burette. * 3 x pipettes. * 0.1 M sodium hydroxide solution (about 400cm). * Phenolphthalein indicator solution and dropping pipette. Procedure for day 1: 1. Label two 250cm flask: fructose and lactose and control (water). Add 200cm of 0.2 M sugar solution to the named flasks and 200cm of water to the control flask. 2. Add 2 g of dried brewers yeast and then 1 g of ammonium salts to each flask (0.5 g each of ammonium phosphate and ammonium sulphate). 3. Ensure that the yeast is respuspended and the salts are dissolved in the sugar solution by carefully stirring each solution with a different glass rod. 4. Carefully and firmly insert the fermentation lock and bent pipette into the silicone rubber bungs. 5. place the bungs firmly into the neck of the flasks To assist the fermentation the flask should be placed in an incubator (15 20 C). Procedure for day 2: 1. Set up a burette containing 0.1 M sodium hydroxide solution. 2. Swirl the flask to ensure a homogenous mix of culture and remove a total of 25cm of sample (10cm + 15cm). 3. Place the removal sample into a small flask and add two or three drops of phenolphthalein solution. 4. Plot a histogram of the volume of the alkali used to neutralize each sugar solution. The histogram can be used to indicate the extent of fermentation. Justifying day one procedure: There are few things that can affect the preparation of the solutions which are usually known as a potential errors and these error can come from: Weighing balance: we used the 2 decimal place balance to weigh our samples and I think the weighing of the sample would not be reliable as it measures to 2 decimal places. In this case our results might be unreliable because we cannot determine whether it is the exact weight of the sample we are measuring. For example if we weighed out 3g of yeast on the 2 decimal place balance it would only show 3.00g, whereas if we used another balancer which measures the sample to an accuracy of 4 decimal places it would have been better because it would give us 3.0000g. Stirring rod: depending on the pace of stirring the solution if we didnt use the stirring rod gently and frequently it would affect the solubility of the sample that we are making, this is because sometimes we may think that all the solid part in a solution are fully dissolved in the sample. However, sometimes a small amount of the solid may not dissolve properly without noticing it. Therefore, it is very important that we had to stir the solution gently and frequently so that the entire solid are completely dissolved. Room temperature: leaving the solution to ferment over night the temperature of the room is not constant because at night the temperature decreases which would have an effect on the rate of reaction of the fermentation by slowing the reaction down. It would have been better if I could use a water bath so we can take a full control of the temperature and also make it constant. Duration for fermentation: the duration that was provided for fermentation was not enough for the yeast to ferment, if the solution was left for longer period time the sample might have fermented better and also if would have left the solution for longer night probably 2 to 3 nights it would have been better too. However, leaving the samples for more than 4 to 6 nights could affect the rate of fermentation because the longer we leave a sample the more contaminated the sample may get by bacteria. Justifying the procedure of day 2: In day 2 we have used the technique of titration to find out which type of sugar will produce a greater rate of fermentation. However, the manual titration technique is not as accurate as it is industries. The titration technique is carried more accurately on an industrial scales because of the automated machines that are used are automated which carry out the titration in a more accurate way and more than one sample at a time. The titration method: the method only allows us to do one titration at once which was not suitable for our time scale. We were using two burettes one for each solution but we still had to run one burette at a time. Time: I think the period of the titration was not sufficient because we had to carry out three titrations and three repeats for each type of sugar including the control, keeping in mind that we had to record the all values accurately from the titration. Therefore, we would rush in the experiment to finish all the titrations as quickly as we possibly can, so we would not carry out the investigation in an appropriate way which could affect our overall result. Recording the results and how many repeats will be performed In this investigation I will be using two types of sugars which are glucose and sucrose and a control which is water. For each type of sugar including the control I will make 3 repeats so that I can get an average result of the volume of the sodium hydroxide which has been used. I would perform a rough titration for each sugar to help me to decide approximately where the end point is going to be and how much volume of the sodium hydroxide will I need to neutralise the solution that I am testing Type Titre1 CmÃ‚ ³ Titre2 CmÃ‚ ³ Titre3 CmÃ‚ ³ Average CmÃ‚ ³ Glucose 22.65 34.85 25.90 27.80 Sucrose 52.00 40.45 40.750 46.73 Control 8.15 17.60 8.15 11.30 Once I have completed the experiment and recorded my results accurately to two decimal places, then I will work the average result for both sugars and the control for example, for glucose sugar I would add the results that I have obtained including the rough one and then divide the answer by three. Once I have calculated the average result for both sugars and the control, then I would plot a graph to show the volume of sodium hydroxide that has been used to neutralise each solution which will help to compare which type of sugar fermented better. Titration results Conclusion from the results During the titration process I kept watching for the colour of the solution we were titrating to change from cloudy white solution to a light pink colour. The light pink colour indicate that that neutralisation of the solution we are tittering is completed which known as the end point. Looking at this table it shows that sucrose has a greater rate of fermentation than glucose because it has a higher titre of sodium hydroxide that was needed to neutralise the solution. Therefore, this indicates that sucrose was more acidic and more CO2 dissolved in the sample that we were testing and also more fermentation rating took place. Accuracy of procedure and each piece of equipment used Each piece of equipment we have used, we take the volumes reading from the bottom of the meniscus. Burette used to measure the volume of a solution accurately which can be read to an accuracy of half a division that is to 0.05 cm3. * Rinse equipments before use: We have used distilled water to rinse the equipment before we carry out our investigation because the equipment may not washed properly so it contains other solutions which would make our results unreliable. By rinsing the equipment before using them, would decrease the possibility of getting of contamination. * Labelling equipments: We had to label the conical flasks to ensure that the right sugar is in its labelled conical flask because sugars look the same so labelling conical flasks would help us identify the solution quickly without getting mixed up of which sugar belongs to which flask . * Ammonium salt: As we know that yeast gets food from the surroundings and therefore, we have used the ammonium salt and ammonium phosphate is to feed the yeast with nutrient as ammonia contributes to nutritional needs of such organism. Ã‚ · Using room temperature for fermentation: Because enzymes within yeast are from different habitats therefore using different temperatures for each type of sugar would affect the fermentation process. Therefore we decided to use room temperature as it is suitable for both types of sugar and the yeast in which perform the fermentation process. Ã‚ · Swirling flasks: It is very important that we had to swirl the flasks properly before taking the samples out because it would help ensure that all the solids are fully dissolved in the solution and becomes complete solution. Ã‚ · Using pipette filler to take the samples: we would be using pipette filler because it is good equipment for taking around 25cm3 of the solution. Ã‚ · Phenolphthalein indicator: We have used this indicator solution to help us to see when the solution in the conical flask changes, so we had to use the same amount of drops on both solutions so that we get an accurate colour change result. Evaluation: The reliability and the accuracy of the investigation: It is very important that we had to follow all the instructions carefully that were provided to us because it would help us work more accurately and get better result on our experiment. However, we would not expect to get the same results for each repeat of titration, because it depends on determining the end point of the reaction. For example, the cloudy white colour is quite similar to the light pink colour therefore; sometimes it is difficult to determine whether the exact end point has been achieved or not , and so we wouldnt expect to get the same results for each time we repeat the experiment. As a result, it would be better to hold the solution up to the light to help us determine the exact end which is the light pink colur in the same range. As we know that yeasts perform better under anaerobic conditions, so if oxygen got into the solution then the condition inside the conical flask will change to aerobic and the process of fermentation will not take place. As a result, we had to ensure that the process is taking place with the absence of oxygen conditions, so we ensured that the bung was firmly fastened into the conical flask that contained the fermenting solution. It was very important that that the bung was fastened otherwise the air that came from the surrounding would affect the yeast respiration by getting into the conical flask to the solution that we were fermenting. Moreover, if the bung is not fastened properly then carbon dioxide will leak from the conical flask would affect on the acidity of the solution because the sodium hydroxide needs to be titrated with an acidic substance so to achieve neutralisation of the solution in the flask. Therefore, keeping the bung fastened will keep the process of fermentation under anaerobic condition. When the samples had been left to ferment overnight, bubbles were produced on the top of the solution because the bubbles were formed from the carbon dioxide gas being given off from the reaction in the solution. This may have an effect on the measurement of the solution in both the pipettes and burettes because the solution must be measured from its meniscus. Therefore we have got to be careful while taking the reading of the solution to take from the meniscus which is the curve at the top of the liquid if did so we would get more accurate and reliable results. There is another factor which can make our investigation unreliable which the temperature. This can have a major effect on the rate of fermentation because enzymes are very sensitive to temperature. Enzymes speeds up the biochemical reactions and they work best at an optimum temperature, however if the temperature has increased it will provide more kinetic energy to the molecules involved. Therefore the number of collisions between enzyme and substrate will increase as well as the rate of reaction. If temperature rises above the optimum the enzymes will be denatured. The bonds which are holding the structure together will break and the active sites lose their shape and will no longer react. There are some factors in which can have an effect on our overall result such as, room temperature, weighing and the concentration of the samples. So Now I going to make a table to show the variables, the effects they may affect the investigation and how they can be controlled during the experiment to get more accurate and reliable data. Controls and variables during this experiment: Variables The effects on the experiment How could it be controlled Room temperature As we know the room temperature is not constant therefore it would affect the enzymes action during the process of fermentation We could have made the temperature constant if we placed the samples inside an incubator which will help the enzymes work better. Weighing Another factor that could affect our overall result is that being very close to the weighing balancer while we are weighing our samples because breathing on the balancer changes the reading of the sample In order to optimise the effects of the air on the weighing balancer while we are taking the reading of the sample is to use an accurate weighing balancer which is surrounded by glass frame and gives the reading of the sample to four decimal places. Concentration of sample If we used the wrong concentration of the sugars, this would affect on our results. In order to make sure that we are using the right concentration we have look carefully at the labels of the solutions which indicates the name of the solution and its concentration. Sources Used http://www.chemie.uni-regensburg.de/Organische_Chemie/Didaktik/Keusch/D-fermentation_sugar-e.htm http://www.practicalchemistry.org/experiments/fermentation-of-glucose-using-yeast,109,EX.html http://www.chemie.uni-regensburg.de/Organische_Chemie/Didaktik/Keusch/D-fermentation_sugar-e.htm http://www.daviddarling.info/encyclopedia/P/polysaccharide.htmlhttp://www.gcsescience.com/rc17-fermentation-yeast-alcohol.htm

Key Events Of The Civil Rights Movement Essay -- African-American Civil

Ã‚ Ã‚ Ã‚ Ã‚ Ã‚ The United States Civil Rights Movement of the 1960's was the centerfold of the 1900's. The Movement came about because not all Americans were being treated fairly. In general white Americans were treated better than any other American people, especially black people. There were many events of the Civil Rights Movement some dealt with black people not getting a fair education. Some events came about because people were advocating that people should be able to practice their American rights. The term paper that you are about to read is composed of events that occurred as apart of the Civil Rights Movements. The events are all in chronological order with the brutal murder of Emmett Till first in order. After that is the story of Arkansas' Central High School's integration. Keeping with the idea of equal education, you will be able read how the University of Mississippi was integrated by James Meredith with the assistance of the U.S. Government. Lastly you will see t he power the Ku Klux Klan had in the deep South, especially Mississippi, with the murder of three members of the Council of Federated Organizations (COFO). These events are just a glimpse of what the Civil Rights Movement truly was. Now here is the strory of young Emmett Till. Emmett Till Ã‚ Ã‚ Ã‚ Ã‚ Ã‚ Not knowing the customs of Mississippi was the downfall for young Emmett Till. While visiting family near Money, Mississippi, Emmett Till, age 14, was murdered. Emmett grew up on Chicago's South side, where he was a fun loving child with a bit of a smart mouth. Living in Chicago, Emmett knew of segregation but had white play mates. On one occasion he had showed his cousins a picture of a white girl and had told them that she was his girl. His friends were some what impressed and had dared Emmett to speak to a white woman who was inside of the store, that they were standing in front of. Emmett went in and bought some candy and as he left, he said to the woman, "Bye-baby." That would be the biggest mistake of his life. When the woman's husband got back from out of town, there was trouble for Emmett. The woman's husband, Roy Bryant, and her brother, J.W. Milam, paid a visit to the cabin of Mose Wright, Emmett's grandfather. The white men did not listen to Mose Wrights suggestion that since Emmett was not from Mississippi, that they may just whip him. Instead, the men ki... ... allowed by the police chief to be beaten for about fifteen minutes in Anniston, Alabama. Furthermore, I was not able to mention the end of "separate but equal" with the U.S. Supreme Court's decision on the case Brown vs. Board of Education. Inclusion to this paper I hope that you have enhanced your knowledge of the Civil Rights Movement. RESOURCES: Events of the Civil Rights Movement Books Ã‚ Ã‚ Ã‚ Ã‚ Ã‚ Johnson, Jacqueline. Stokely Carmichael: The Story of Black Power. Silver Burdett Press, Inc., a division of Simon & Schuster, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, NJ,1990. Ã‚ Ã‚ Ã‚ Ã‚ Ã‚ Hornsby and Straub. African American Chronology. Volume I: 1492-1972. Gale Research International Limited., Detroit, Michigan, 1994. Ã‚ Ã‚ Ã‚ Ã‚ Ã‚ The Editors of Ebony. Ebony Pictorial History of Black America. Volume III: Civil Rights Movement to Black Revolution. Johnson Publishing Company, Inc., Chicago, Illinios, 1974. Television Program Ã‚ Ã‚ Ã‚ Ã‚ Ã‚ "The Ku Klux Klan: A Secret History." Narr. ?. Writ. and Prod.?. History Channel, March 11, 2000. Internet Ã‚ Ã‚ Ã‚ Ã‚ Ã‚ Lythgoe, Dennis. Desert News, February 26, 1997. Address: http://members.aol.com/deverysa/index.html.

Monday, August 19, 2019

Slim and George in John Steinbecks Of Mice and Men :: Steinbeck Of Mice and Men Essays

In the novel Of Mice and Men, by John Steinbek, there are several characters that make the book as interesting as it is.Ã‚ For example, Slim and George are two characters who are alike in some ways, yet are different in many others.Ã‚ They both want to be leaders, but only one of them can.Ã‚ George and Slim have many characteristics, but there are reasons why Slim is considered a leader by his co-workers and George is not. Ã‚ George is an ordinary man, unlike Lennie who is mentally retarded.Ã‚ He promotes moral responsibility unlike Lennie or CurleyÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s wife. His need for companionship exceeds the generally accepted traditional remedies for loneliness.Ã‚ He has some major physical characteristics that are noted by many people, which are restless eyes, strong small hands, thin arms, and a bony nose. Ã‚ Slim is the moral judge of the bunkhouse.Ã‚ He is a skilled workman.Ã‚ With being the skilled workman that he is, he can gain acceptance by not claiming anything, but by just being himself.Ã‚ That causes him to be a figure of integrity for many people.Ã‚ Furthermore, Slim can be very concerned and helpful.Ã‚ For example, Slim immediately thinks of getting a doctor for Curley, when Lennie crushes his hand. Ã‚ There are many reasons why George is not a leader.Ã‚ For example, he is always thinking about the future.Ã‚ For example, he constantly asks himself questions such as, where will they work next?Ã‚ Will he ever get his dream?Ã‚ How can he protect Lennie from doing bad things?Ã‚ Another reason for George not being a leader is because he works fairly well, but he does not stand out. That does not provide himself with any pride or satisfaction, therefore he has to look somewhere else for those qualities.Ã‚ Ã‚ There are many reasons why Slim is a leader.Ã‚ For example, Slim is the only had who appears to have a self-confident direction.Ã‚ Another reason is because he has a reputation for craftsmanship.Ã‚ That provides him with a source of pride and satisfaction.Ã‚ When Slim receives the pride and satisfaction, he does not throw superiority in his partnerÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s faces.Ã‚ That is why Slim is respected and viewed as a leader by his partners. Slim and George in John Steinbeck's Of Mice and Men :: Steinbeck Of Mice and Men Essays In the novel Of Mice and Men, by John Steinbek, there are several characters that make the book as interesting as it is.Ã‚ For example, Slim and George are two characters who are alike in some ways, yet are different in many others.Ã‚ They both want to be leaders, but only one of them can.Ã‚ George and Slim have many characteristics, but there are reasons why Slim is considered a leader by his co-workers and George is not. Ã‚ George is an ordinary man, unlike Lennie who is mentally retarded.Ã‚ He promotes moral responsibility unlike Lennie or CurleyÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s wife. His need for companionship exceeds the generally accepted traditional remedies for loneliness.Ã‚ He has some major physical characteristics that are noted by many people, which are restless eyes, strong small hands, thin arms, and a bony nose. Ã‚ Slim is the moral judge of the bunkhouse.Ã‚ He is a skilled workman.Ã‚ With being the skilled workman that he is, he can gain acceptance by not claiming anything, but by just being himself.Ã‚ That causes him to be a figure of integrity for many people.Ã‚ Furthermore, Slim can be very concerned and helpful.Ã‚ For example, Slim immediately thinks of getting a doctor for Curley, when Lennie crushes his hand. Ã‚ There are many reasons why George is not a leader.Ã‚ For example, he is always thinking about the future.Ã‚ For example, he constantly asks himself questions such as, where will they work next?Ã‚ Will he ever get his dream?Ã‚ How can he protect Lennie from doing bad things?Ã‚ Another reason for George not being a leader is because he works fairly well, but he does not stand out. That does not provide himself with any pride or satisfaction, therefore he has to look somewhere else for those qualities.Ã‚ Ã‚ There are many reasons why Slim is a leader.Ã‚ For example, Slim is the only had who appears to have a self-confident direction.Ã‚ Another reason is because he has a reputation for craftsmanship.Ã‚ That provides him with a source of pride and satisfaction.Ã‚ When Slim receives the pride and satisfaction, he does not throw superiority in his partnerÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s faces.Ã‚ That is why Slim is respected and viewed as a leader by his partners.

Sunday, August 18, 2019

The Ideal Performance Management System Essay -- Management Performan

A comprehensive performance management system will be thorough, inclusive, practical, meaningful, reliable, open, ethical, and correctable among other qualities (Aguinis, 2013). Additionally, the process of managing performance will be an ongoing process to include processes such as coaching and employee development. An ideal performance management system will serve an organization by developing satisfied and competent employees who are actively engaged in aiding the organization to reach their strategic goals, mission, and vision. Consideration of an ideal performance management system for a college of business shall be discussed to include the organizational strategy, systems, implementation factors, and employee development components. Organizational Strategy The primary objective of performance management is to assist organizations to achieve their strategic goals (Aguinis, 2013). These strategies initiate from the organizations vision and mission statements (Johnson, 2013). The performance management system, if effectively developed, will join unit and individual goals with the overall organizational goals so that all parties are working to achieve the same purpose (Aguinis, 2013). An additional benefit can be derived from the performance management plan because it serves to secure employee engagement in the organizational objectives (Aguinis, 2013). At the College of Business, the organizational purpose, vision, and mission are modified to adequately serve these objectives. Organizational Purpose The College of Business is committed to success. The success of students is a primary focus of this organization as a school of business. As an AACSB accredited college, the organization stands well positio... ...ormance appraisal look like? Journal of Applied Business and Economics, 12(1), p. 57-71. Oberoi, M. & Rajgarhia, P. (2013). What your performance management system needs most. Retrieved from http://businessjournal.gallup.com/content/161546/performance-management-system-needs.aspx Society for Human Resource Management. (2012). Performance management: Can our companyÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s vision and values be reflected in our performance management system? Retrieved from http://www.shrm.org/TemplatesTools/hrqa/Pages/Canourcompany%E2%80%99svisionandvaluesbereflectedinourperformancemanagementsystem.aspx The Deming Institute. (2014). Theories and teachings. Retrieved from https://www.deming.org/theman/theories/fourteenpoints University of Cincinnati. (2013). Vision, mission, and core values. Retrieved from http://www.uc.edu/business/index/about-us/vision-mission-and-core-values.html

Saturday, August 17, 2019

On the Road Essay

Response: Chapters 1-2 From the very first pages of the book it becomes clear that the book is a novel of characters rather than a novel of plot. I think the novel captures the audience due to unexpected movements of the main characters. First chapters show that the whole plot centers on the character of Dean Moriarty. The novel starts with SalÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s descriptions of his life before Dead. He has just split up with his wife, has recovered from serious illness and, we see that he simply doesnÃ¢â‚¬â„¢t know where to move and how to arrange his life. Sal seems to be weaker personality than Dean, who manages to direct SalÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s actions the way he likes. Sal feels tired and depressed and I think that he has lost sense of life. It is Dean that sparks SalÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s personality into motion. It is possible to say that Dean is personification of SalÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s dreams. Sal has always dreamed of moving to the West and Deans arrives from there. Dean lives in San Francisco, travels across the country. Dean drinks a lot, uses drugs and has many women. Moreover, he is a father of four children from two different women. In the first two chapters Kerouac juxtaposes the ideas of the East and the West. The East is presented as old, intellectual, critical, saddened and stagnant, whereas the West is presented as passionate, wild, young and exuberant. Sal and Dean are described with attributes of the places they are from. The West is a new horizon for Sal, and the East is a new horizon for Dean. The novel is told from SalÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s perspective and we are allowed only to see and to feel through Sal. In the first chapters Sal remain unchanged; he is only sparked with the idea of something new and unexplored. Sal is impressed by DeanÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s impulsiveness and recklessness. I think that Sal is willing to have the same qualities as Dean, he realizes that he may change his life, to introduce something new and wild in his bored lifestyle. Response: Chapters 3-4 We see that SalÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s adventure with Dean begins. Sal is very excited as he will become acquainted with places he has never been to. Thus, his descriptions of the passing places are exuberant and vivid. I think Sal fees younger, stronger and more confident. Through the long sentences and paragraphs, Kerouac shows that SalÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s exciting feelings are constant, they are rolling in motion. Sal reminds a child who is allowed to something secret, forbidden, something he has never been allowed to do. Relative lull occurs in the Des Moines hotel, when Sal awakes in the morning and canÃ¢â‚¬â„¢t understand where he is, who he is and what he is doing. He realizes he is somewhere halfway across America, between the East and West. I think Sal realizes he is halfway from his long-awaited dream. SalÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s emotions are paralleled with surrounding geography. Through geography Sal manages to provide his emotions, ideas and dreams with definite forms. SalÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s emotions are changing and geography is changing as well. Interestingly, Sal feels when approaching the west everything is better and bigger. Even the ice cream and apple pie are testier. All the characters Sal meets on the road are individuals, they are epitomes of the region, embodiments of better living standards. To signify all events and characters, Sal describes everything in superlatives Ã¢â‚¬â€œ the best, the prettiest, the hugest, etc. It shows that he is really fascinated with his journey and really obsessed with the West. For Sal, Denver is the Promised Land, Nebraska resembles the Nile Valley, and San Francisco is the greatest among them. Sal visits Denver, where Dean was born. Again Sal thinks Dean is envisioning the West. These chapters are the climax of SalÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s compassion, excitement and clear-eyed tolerance. We see Sal simply follows Dean in everything; he even reshapes his values and beliefs. Response: Chapters 5-6 SalÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s adventure with Dean continues: new impressions, new acquaintances, new ideas and new dreams. Sal realizes that the West is approaching, and he feels more confident that his dream will come true. Nevertheless, we see that Sal remains modest about himself, although he envisions place and people in grand terms. Sal is constantly pleased, and, at the same time, he seems not to believe that he may approach the West. He has been dreaming of the West for many years, and I think it is difficult for him to understand that his dream may be accomplished. He is thankful to Dean for opportunity of self-expression and self-realization. In my opinion, I canÃ¢â‚¬â„¢t say that Dean is positive character. Yes, he has influenced Sal showing him new opportunities and new horizons, but Dean is too wild and mad. Sal didnÃ¢â‚¬â„¢t understand yet possible outcomes of their so-called friendship. Dean is zealous and wild personality, though he is captivating as well. And his wildness and craziness attracts Sal who used to live a calm life. Sal begins picturing himself in the eyes of his new friends. He stumbles into Denver considering the city mysterious. Nonetheless, we know that Sal is too earnest and infatuated to affect something or someone. Sal is the person who is affected, not the one who affects. Despite Sal is with his friends, he feels less- confident. When he gives a cryptic answer, he is criticized and, instead of defending his position, he explains that he doesnÃ¢â‚¬â„¢t know what they try to get at. In these chapters Kerouac shows that Sal is more an observer rather than performer. He faces new world and he doesnÃ¢â‚¬â„¢t know how to cope with it, how to behave, what to expect from it. I think that the majority of SalÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s idealistic visions are nothing more than facades, and in future they will definitely result in sadness and disillusionment. However, Sal is mot aware of that fact.

Friday, August 16, 2019

American Minorities and Sports Essay

Sports have always had an enormous impact on American society and culture. People use sports at all levels, whether itÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s youth, high school, college or professional, to help build an identity, connect with others and grow as individuals. Even though American is a diverse country made up of different races, nationalities and ethnicities, discrimination has been in issue throughout AmericaÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s history. Sports took on an even greater meaning for some minorities during the 20th Century, especially Europeans and blacks. They used sports as a means of vertical mobility in order to advance themselves socially in America. The idea of social mobility was one concept that originally drew many immigrants to the country. Between 1880 and 1915, around 26 million immigrants moved to the United States, and about half came from several areas of Europe (Moore, 2011a). America offered the chance for people to better themselves and someone from any background could become successful and rise above their parents. During this time, Americans were already viewing sports as an important and democratic part of life, because it judged people on their talent and skill alone (Reiss, 1980). Competition was an opportunity to prove and show off your Ã¢â‚¬Å"manlinessÃ¢â‚¬ and power. Sports were also seen as a way to gain vertical mobility, and for Europeans, it was a way to become more accepted into the American culture. Although they received more respect than blacks, they mostly were not considered truly Ã¢â‚¬Å"AmericanÃ¢â‚¬ (Moore, 2011a). Boxing was a popular sport among young immigrants. Boxing was a sport that proved Ã¢â‚¬Å"manlinessÃ¢â‚¬ and toughness, and turning professional meant chances to earn prize money. Most immigrants from Europe lived on the East Coast in cities that quickly became crowded and poor, and fighting was a functional skill to learn while living in the ghetto neighborhoods (Reiss, 1980). Boxing became a social ladder for ethnic groups since one group seemed to dominate until another group became better. Whoever were better boxers at the time were viewed as the tougher race. In the 1800Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s and early 1900Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s the Irish held most of the Heavyweight Championship titles, with boxers like John L. Sullivan, Jack Kilrain and Gene Tunney (Sowell, 1983). In the 1920Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s and 30Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s Jews began to have success in the ring, with 1913 being the only year in since the start of the century that there was no Jewish champion. In the two decade span they held 18 titles (Moore, 2011a). These champions were important to the Jewish in proving their worth to the country and countering the discrimination that the Nazis in Germany were trying to spread. Boxing for European ethnic minorities served as a way to prove their raceÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s toughness, and prizefighting was a way to leave the poor ghettos and make a decent life for themselves. Italians were slower than other groups in their involvement with sports. Between 1899 and 1924 about 4 million immigrated to the United States and settled in the crowded East Coast cities (Reiss, 1980). The Progressive movement was gaining popularity at the time, but because of their past in Italy, many Italians mistrusted governments telling them what to do and what their children should do (Moore, 2011a). However, 2nd generation Italian-American children were given opportunities to play sports through the creation of the Public School Athletic League. In 1905 historian Camillo Cianfarra tracked the Italian youth development in sports and observed: Ã¢â‚¬Å"In our public elementary school competitions, our children are not inferior to the children of other nationalities, in the lists of gymnastic [track and field] winners the Italian names appear quite frequently as they appear in the rosters of teams involved in inter-high school competitionÃ¢â‚¬ (Reiss, 1980). Baseball soon became a popular sport with the Italians, and they became very successful with the sport. By the time of the Depression, Italians were becoming a majority in the Major Leagues (Moore, 2011a). Italians success in baseball gave them social mobility, but they were also still discriminated against. Some of the best players in the league in the 1930Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s were Joe DiMaggio, Tony Lazzeri, Frank Crosetti and Ernie Lombardi (Baldassaro, 2005). Joe DiMaggio helped Italians gain more exposure and respect when he became the best player in the league and an American celebrity (Moore, 2011a). Blacks in the United States had similar involvement as the Europeans with ports and social mobility, although they faced much more discrimination and rejection than the other minorities. Blacks used sports as a main way to try and prove their equality to the rest of the country. They viewed successful black athletes as heroes and passionately supported them, and used them as a more subtle channel to showcase their fight against the discrimination and hate that they faced daily. Boxing featured several black champions and was a popular sport, just like it was with the European minorities. One of the earliest black champions was Peter Jackson, an Australian who won the Heavyweight Championship over there in 1886. He traveled to America in 1988 to fight John L. Sullivan, who held the Heavyweight Title, but Sullivan refused to fight him because he was black. Besides that setback, he was considered one of the best boxers of the time, and blacks loved him because he was a respectable man and proved black equality with his victories. Frederick Douglass at the time said, Ã¢â‚¬Å"Peter is doing a great deal with his fist to solve the Negro questionÃ¢â‚¬ (Moore, 2011b). He was also respected within the white community because he never bragged or belittled an opponent (Moore, 2011b). People around the country of any race looked up to him as a role model. Although Peter Jackson helped gain some respect for blacks in white America, it wasnÃ¢â‚¬â„¢t until Joe Louis that Americans found a black athlete that was embraced as an American hero. Louis was born in Alabama in 1914 as the son a sharecropper and great grandson of a slave. His family moved to Detroit in 1924 where he soon took up boxing. After ten years of hard work he won the Golden Gloves as a light heavyweight and his career took off from there. One of his biggest victories was against former heavyweight champion Primo Carnera in front of a crowd of 62,000 at Yankee Stadium (Official Site, n. d. ). LouisÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s symbol as an American hero though didnÃ¢â‚¬â„¢t fully happen until he avenged his loss against German champion Max Schmeling with a first-round knockout in 1938, during the time of the NaziÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s dominance in Europe. It was this victory that caused the American people to see him not as just another black fighter, but as an American hero. It helped to counter the impression of successful black athletes that Jack Johnson, the previous black heavyweight champion, had left, and in a way almost transcended his race (Schwartz, n. d. ). Ã¢â‚¬Å"What my father did was enable white America to think of him as an American, not as a black,Ã¢â‚¬ said his son, Joe Louis Jr. Ã¢â‚¬Å"By winning, he became AmericaÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s first black heroÃ¢â‚¬ (Schwartz, n. d. ). In the 1960Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s, black athletes used the worldÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s biggest sporting stage to fight racism and show their protest against the discrimination that they were still facing. In October 1967 the Olympic Project for Human Rights was established by sociologist Harry Edwards and others, mainly athletes. The goal of the organization was to protest segregation and racism in sport and society. A boycott of the 1968 Mexico City Olympics was suggested but never happened, yet several members still used the Games as an opportunity for the organization. Many on the US Track and Field team wore black socks as support of the black community, or badges of the OPHR (Henderson, n. d. ). The most famous act of protest however was from sprinters Tommie Smith and John Carlos, who finished 1st and 3rd in the 200m final. On the medal podium, they each raised a fist while wearing a black glove. The act led to the International Olympic Committee president, Avery Brundage, suspending them from the rest of the competition and forcing them to leave (Moore, 1991). Although the protest had negative consequences for the sprinters, it was another key moment in sports that showed how the black community rallied around its athletes and used sports as a way to come together and fight for civil rights. Sports and competition were important in minorities efforts to advance in 20th century America through vertical mobility, although the reasons were different for each race. Europeans struggled with adjusting to a new country and culture, and sports helped serve as a way to assimilate more with the American culture and be accepted. Because of the large numbers of immigrants in the late 1800Ã¢â‚¬Ëœs and early 1900Ã¢â‚¬Ëœs, most lived in poor, crowded urban areas. Being successful in sports meant a chance to become professional, leave behind poverty, and make a life for yourself. It was essentially the Ã¢â‚¬Å"American Dream. Ã¢â‚¬ Sports had a slightly different meaning for black Americans. The United States was still a country of discrimination and oppression, and black society used their successful athletes to empower and unite them. Through heroes like Joe Louis, they fought against the discrimination and tried to prove their equality to whites. Both minorities in the 20th century viewed sports as a key tool in their struggle for acceptance in American society.